中华人民共和国建国初期的群众运动——对运动参与者的考察分析 The Problems and Governance of the Mass Movement in the Early Days of the Founding of New China—— An Investigation on the Psychological Perspective of the Participants in the Movement

Abstract

群众运动是中国共产党夺取政权和建设国家的重要手段。新中国成立后，在内外交困的严峻形势下，素以组织动员见长的中国共产党发挥其执政党的政治优势，进一步广泛组织开展群众运动，以实现国家治理。但群众运动的热潮连带产生诸多负面效果，狂热的群众运动现场背后存在截然不同的心理面相。中共中央和地方政府均意识到问题的存在并试图进行相应整治。对群众运动的动员与整治集中体现了建国初期中共作为执政党的治理策略。

The mass movement is an important means for the Chinese Communist Party to seize power and build the country. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, under the severe situation of internal and external difficulties, the Chinese Communist Party, which has always been known for organizing and mobilizing the masses, gave full play to the political advantages of being the ruling party. The Party therefore further organized and carried out mass movements to achieve national governance. However, the upsurge of mass movements has produced many negative effects, and there are completely different psychological aspects behind the frenetic mass movement scenes. Both the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the local governments are aware of the problem’s existence and are attempting to rectify it accordingly. The mobilization and rectification of the mass movement embodies the governance strategy of the Chinese Communist Party as the ruling organization in the early days of the People’s Republic of China.