论霹雳州十八丁泉成炭窑的开创、发展和转型 (1930-2014) — 以蔡招安和蔡招成为口述访谈对象 The Establishment, Growth and Transformation of the Chuan Seng Charcoal Factory, Sepetang, Perak (1930-2014) based on the Oral Accounts of Chuah Chow Aun and Chuah Chow Seng

Abstract

本论文主要以马来西亚霹雳州十八丁泉成炭窑为探讨对象，研究该炭窑从开创、发展到转型所面临的挑战。由于现有的文献史料不足，因此主要以口述历史的形式，透过与当事人蔡招安和蔡招成的访谈，建构泉成炭窑的开创和发展过程。炭窑业在霹雳州十八丁的发展已有80多年的历史。在这个科技发达的时代，炭窑业仍是少数全程以纯手工制作的老行业。然而在低利润以及营业执照不易申请的因素下，使炭窑业逐渐迈入“夕阳行业”的境况。目前现存且较为活跃的便是位于十八丁的炭窑，当地炭窑业在全马来西亚发展得较好的原因在于当地富饶的红树林，其中又以泉成炭窑最为出色。泉成炭窑第一代业者蔡泉成从1930年开始经营，到第二代业者蔡招安与蔡招成接任至今，已有八十余年的历史。该炭窑目前已是重要旅游景点，并在2009年荣获霹雳州政府颁发的旅游贡献奖，有其研究价值。

This is a study of the Chuan Seng Charcoal Factory in Kuala Sepetang, Perak. In view of the lack of documentary materials, reliance is placed on the oral accounts of its two operators to piece together a coherent picture of the factory from its establishment and growth to the challenges of modern transformation. With a history spanning more than 80 years, charcoal manufacturing remains as one the few non-mechanized industries in Sepetang. Declining profits and increasing administrative restrictions have rendered it into a declining industry. The Chuan Seng Charcoal Factory in Sepetang is located in the midst of a mangrove forest. Starting its operation in the 1930s, it boasts more than 80 years of history under the charge Chuah Chow Aun and his brother. It is also a main tourist attraction and was awarded the “Tourism Contribution Award” by the state government in 2009.