汉语与马来语标点符号之比较 A Comparison of Chinese and Malay Punctuation Marks

Abstract

标点符号在书面表达中直接地影响了信息传达与理解的有效程度。本文针对汉语和马来语的标点符号进行了对比分析，发现汉语的种类和数量比马来语多；再按汉语有而马来语没有、马来语有而汉语没有、两语皆有但同中有异的三个类别，比较它们在用法上的异同，得出有相同、不尽相同、仅汉语有和仅马来语有的用法。最后在综合了对比分析的理论和对比结果，将标点符号及其用法分成零难度、难度稍高、难度较高和难度最高四个级别，建议教师以学习者的学习难度来决定教学重点。

In written expressions, punctuations have a direct bearing on how effective information is transmitted and understood. A comparison of the punctuation marks in the Chinese and Malay languages shows that the type and quantity of punctuations in the former are more numerous than in the latter. In both languages, there are similar and dissimilar punctuations and these may be categorized into three groups: those that are found only in Chinese or only in Malay, and those that are found in both languages. A comparison of these similarities and differences in usage shows that there are four categories of usage including those identical for both languages, completely different, unique in Chinese only or Malay only. Synthesizing the theory of contrastive analysis and the results of comparisons, the punctuation marks and their usage may be divided into four levels of difficulty ranging from zero to the extreme. It is advisable that teachers set their teaching focus according to the students’ level of learning difficulties.