酝酿中的风暴： 亚洲华人社会的酒精滥用及公共且生反应 The Gathering Storm: Alcohol Abuse among the Chinese in Asia, and the Public Health Response

Abstract

本文旨在从公共卫生的角度，描述在中国、马来西亚及整个亚太区域，酒精消费对酒精问题的影响。中国目前的情况可谓糟糕，而在拥有大量华裔人口的东南亚国家，情况也只是稍微好一些。消费型经济现代化所施加的巨大压力，以及酒精使用的常态化，意味着亚洲地区的酒精消费将有所增加。本文首先检视本区域内各种可能导致酒精相关流行病的因素，接着评估适用千防止酒精问题的各种政策反应，最后提出结论：限制获取酒精饮料的途径、遏制在酒精影响下驾驶的行为、降低法定购酒年龄、限制市场营销的曝光率，以及提高酒精饮料的价格，可能有助千减少饮酒相关的危害。

The purpose of this article is to describe from a public health perspective the effects of alcohol consumption on population rates of alcohol problems in China, Malaysia and the broader Asia Pacific region. The current situation in China and, to a lesser extent in other countries of Southeast Asia with large Chinese minorities, can be described as ominous. Strong pressures toward modernization of the consumer economy and the nom诅lization of alcohol use portend increased drinking in the Asian region. After reviewing the possible contributing factors to alcohol-related epidemics, the article then evaluates the policy responses that are appropriate to the prevention of alcohol problems in the region. It is concluded that policies that limit access to alcoholic beverages, discourage driving under the influence of alcohol, reduce the legal purchasing age for alcoholic beverages, limit marketing exposure and increase the price of alcohol, are likely to reduce the harm linked to drinking.