话说结构句法学理论在汉语二语教学中的应用探究 On the Topic-comment Syntax Analysis Theory's Application in the Field of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language

Abstract

与通常的话语分析不同， 基于汉语语义句法范畴和话说结构表达功能范畴的话语结构分析不仅可以揭示句子信息结构， 还可以触及句内语义结构与句子的表达功能。 话说结构句法学着力于分析话说结构（ ＂话题－说明语结构” ）和主谓结构( “主语谓语结构”)在话语句及语链中的展开。 对汉语二语教学而言， 这一理论有较好的应用前景：可以对汉语多种类型的话题句进行解释， 为学习者掌握句子结构提供新的解释方案；具有可操作的语句切分与衔接分析手段， 为语句排序提供新的策略；可以通过词汇语义和句法语义把句子的语义、 句法、 表达功能衔接起未， 既可以提升词汇教学的精细度， 又能将语句构造与语链衔接、 篇章主旨打通， 为写作练习提供新思路。 此外，还可以为研究句法习得中的句法复杂度问题提供测量标准。

Compared with traditional discourse analysis, discourse analysis based on Chinese semantic-syntactic categories and expression function categories of topic-comment structure can not only reveal sentence information organization, but also discover sentence semantic structure and expressive function in depth. Topic-comment Syntax Analysis Theory focus on "topic-comment structure"(T-C structure) and "subject-predicate structure" (S-P structure) in discourse sentences and sentence chains. This theory can be applied in to the field of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language very well. It provides acceptable explanations for multi-type of T-P structure, helping learners to handle Chinese sentences; and it extends new strategies for learners to sort sentences; it can be used to promote fineness of lexical teaching. What's more, with the vision of Topic-comment Syntax Analysis Theory, learners can interconnect lexical level with syntax level and pragmatics level, get through sentence chains and text. This will eventually enhance their writing skill. In addition, Such a new theory will also benefit the measurement of sentence complexity.