马来西亚中文高等教育的办学形式和内容——以马来西亚博特拉大学中文课程为例 The Management and Syllabus of Chinese Tertiary Programs in Malaysia——with Special Reference to the Chinese Program at Universiti Putra Malaysia

Abstract

从学前、小学、中学到高等教育，马来西亚有完善的中文教育体系。马来西亚的中文高等教育在二十世纪末发展起来。目前一共八所大学开办中文学士课程和硕博课程。本文以马来西亚博特拉大学（博大）为例，探查马来西亚中文高等教育的办学形式和教学内容。文中介绍中文教育在博大的发展，并且从收生方式、课程设置和教学内容，如必修和选修科目，对博大的个案资料进行描述和定性分析。探讨的范围主要是博大中文荣誉学士课程，但是也包括中国文学硕博课程，以及涵盖中华文化和语言研究的五大语言领域的硕士和博士课程，即翻译、应用比较语言学、文本和文化研究、话语研究以及认知研究。中文高等教育开拓了中文领域的探索，也完善了在马来西亚的中文母语教育链接。

Malaysia is renowned for its Chinese education as first language which covers pre-school, primary level, secondary level to higher learning. The higher education in Chinese studies begins to grow only at the end of 20th century. A total of eight private and public 
universities are offering Chinese studies at bachelor and also postgraduate level. With special reference to Universiti Putra Malaysia, this paper aims to investigate the enrolment administration and the content of the Chinese program. A qualitative analysis is carried out based on the data of bachelor program in Chinese studies, postgraduate program in Chinese literature, and five postgraduate programs on applied linguistics inclusive of Chinese linguistics and culture, namely translation and interpretation, applied comparative linguistics, literary and cultural studies, discourse studies, and literacy studies. The findings indicate that the Chinese education at higher education level has expanded the research scope in Chinese studies which thus complete the chain of Chinese education, covering all levels.