台湾“十二年国民基本教育”改革的困境、出路及启示 The Challenges, Prospects and Implications of Taiwan’s‘ Twelve-Year Basic Education’ Reform

Abstract

中国台湾地区在实施 “十二年国民基本教育”的改革过程中，在改革的定位、“明星高中”的问题处理和学区划分与入学方式等方面，陷入了困境。造成这些困境的原因在于改革的定位不明确、“明星高中”对免试政策存在抵触性、学区划分与入学方式变革过于机械。为此，台湾当局通过采取渐进式学费调整政策、优化教育资源配置、实施大学区管理、建设多元化入学方案的方式进行应对。这些举措对中国大陆地区基础教育改革具有诸多的启示：要不断完善中国教育经费保障体系、统筹兼顾教育的“效率与公平”、改善中国户籍改革制度与就近入学的方式，以此推进中国大陆地区基础教育改革的成效。

China’s Taiwan region has a lot of trouble in the implementation of twelve national basic education reform in these aspects of reform orientation , dealing with the “Star School”, school district division and entrance way. The reasons causing these difficulties is that the reform of the positioning is not clear, “Star School” exists conflict of exemption policy, the school district division and the entrance way change is too mechanical. To this end, the Taiwan authorities took these measures by adjustment of tuition policies, optimizing the allocation of educational resources, implementation the management of the university district, construction a diversified way to entry school to respond the trouble. These measures has many implications for mainland China’s basic education reform, that we should continue to improve our education funding guarantee system, integrated education “efficiency and equity”, and improve China’s household registration system reform nearest school way, in order to promote China’s mainland basic education reform effects.