马来西亚华语教学发展的思考 Thoughts on the Development of Chinese Language Teaching in Malaysia

Abstract

本文基于华语教学在东南亚地区快速发展的现实和未来预期， 审视了马来西亚华语教学发展的现状：（一）华语作为母语即第一语言的教学已经发展成为一个较为完备的体系；（二）华语作为第二语言的教学起步不久但处于发展机遇期；（三）华语作为母语即第一语言教学与华语作为第二语言教学相交杂。 在这样的现实情况下分析了马来西亚华语教学面临的瓶颈与问题：（一）语言政策和顶层设计问题；（二）华语教学资源与市场供给短缺问题；（三）专业建设与师资培养匮乏问题。 面对此种现实与问题， 本文提供了马来西亚华语教学发展的建设性对策： （一）进行顶层设计上的战略规划；（二）开拓和整合华语教学发展的资源；（三）发挥华语作为母语即第一语言教学的优势助推华语作为第二语言教学的快速发展；（四）加强华语作为第二语言教学的专业建设。

This paper explores the current status and future of Chinese language teaching in Southeast Asia focusing primarily on the development in Malaysia: 1. teaching Chinese language as mother tongue and first language has developed to nearly complete system; 2. teaching Chinese as second language is still at an early stage but the development is rapid; 3. intersection of teaching Chinese as first and second language in an inclusive setting. Under the current state of teaching in Malaysia, the following challenges were analyzed: 1. language policy and top-level design; 2. the shortage of Chinese language teaching resources and market supply; 3. the lack of professional development and training for teachers. Lastly, some constructive strategies were suggested to address those issues: 1. more detail on top-level design; 2. developing and integrating the Chinese language teaching resources; 3. promoting the teaching of Chinese language as a second language by encouraging the use of Chinese language as the first language; 4. strengthening the use of Chinese as a second language in professional settings.